高一英语语法知识点总结

高一英语语法知识点总结内容摘要：

为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。 类似地，以下各题也选 D： (1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B. it C. them D. which (2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ ll be driving, isn’ t a forest any longer. A. that B. it C. them D. which (3) This I did at nine o’ clock, after _________ I sat reading the . that B. it C. them D. which 类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them： (4) Gee, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warmhearted person. A. that B. him C. them D. whom (5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will e back home this summer. A. that B. who C. them D. whom (6) I met the fruitpickers, several of _________ were still university students. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】最佳答案是 B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。 当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选 A。 比较： (1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案选 B， none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。 (2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案选 A， none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词 were。 (3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that 答案选 B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词 but，使得该句成了一个并列句。 6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】最佳答案是 A。 与上面一题相似， their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。 比较以下相似题： (1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 B。 whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated。 (2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _________ parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 A。 因为句中有并列连词 and，整个句子为并列句。 (3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 A。 their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。 (4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 B。 whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。 (5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _________ parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 选 B。 whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。 7. If the man is only interested in your looks, _________ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱】容易误选 A或 B，误这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析】正确答案为 D，注意逗号前 是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句， that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。 类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which： (1) If you promise to go with us, _________ will be . as B. which C. and it D. that (2) If you want a double room, _________ will cost another ￡ 15. A. as B. which C. what D. that (3) Whether you go or not, _________ is quite all right with . that B. which C. and it D. so (4) When I say two hours, _________ includes time for eating. A. as B. which C. what D. that 二、常 见名词考点透析 一、单、复数名词的正确使用 [例 ] They have all sorts of course. (2020 陕西高考改错 ) [析 ] 英语中，名词有单数、复数或不可数的形式。 本题中的 course是可数名词，意指―课程‖，故应用复数形式 courses。 二、仅以复数形式出现的名词 [例 ] Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (2020 安徽春考改错 ) [析 ] Many happy returns of the day! 是一句固定的生日祝语，相当于汉语的―祝你年年有今日，岁 岁有今朝 !‖ returns 在此处便是约定俗成的用法。 除这一结构外，像 shake hands with (= shake sb’ s hand), make friends with 和 change seats / trains / buses 等常用的结构，及thanks, cheers, congratulations, things(情况 ), affairs, feelings, as follows(如下 ), in tears, in ruins, in pieces, in chains(被囚禁 ), in high spirits, in one’ s teens / twenties, in the 1990’ s (或 in the 1990s), into halves, good manners, give one’ s regards / best wishes to, make contributions to, make preparations for 等，也都是常用或只用复数的名词式。 三、纯粹不可数名词的使用 [例 ] I’ m glad you have made such a great progress that... (2020 江西高考改错 ) [析 ] 在英语中，有些名词 , 如 advice(建议 ), news, information, fun, weather, progress, homework, housework 等，无论在什么情况下都是不可数的，所以这些词没有复数形式，也不可把其与不定冠词连用。 可见， such a great progress 使用有误 (须改为 such great progress)。 再例： She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when she smelt something burning. (2020 高考福建卷改 错 )由于 homework为不可数名词，所以，作业再多，也无复数。