中南大学测绘工程地理信息系统双语课程复习基本概念整理内容摘要:

d analysis\management 利用 3S 技术 (GIS、 GPS、 RS)、三维可视化技术( VR)、计算机技术等对地球空间信息进行编码、存储、转换、分析和显示的信息系统,真三维描述、可视化和分析管理的地理信息系 统 WEBGIS(网络地理信息系统)指基于 Inter 平台,客户端应用软件采用网络协议,运用在 Inter 上的地理信息系统。 一般由多主机,多数据库和多个客户端以分布式连接在Inter上而组成,包括以下四个部分: WEBGIS浏览器( browser), WEBGIS服务器, WEBGIS中南大学杨俊山整理 编辑器( Editor) ,WEBGIS 信息代理 (imformation agent) 万维网地理信息系统,是 GIS与 的有机结合, GIS 通过 功能得到了扩展,从 的任意一个节点,人们可以浏览和获取 Web 上的各种地理空间数据及属性数据、图像、文件,以及进行地理空间分析,地理数据的概念已扩展为:分布式的、超媒体特性的、相互关联的数据。 WEBGIS:Based on Inter platform, refers to the client application software using the work protocol used in the geographic information system of Inter Applet:小型 应用程序 An applet is a program written in the Java programming language that can be included in an HTML page, much in the same way an image is included in a page. When you use a Java technologyenabled browser to view a page that contains an applet, the applet‘s code is transferred to your system and executed by the browser’ s(游览器) Java Virtual Machine (JVM). ActiveX: ActiveX is a framework for defining reusable software ponents in a programming language independent way. Software applications can then be posed from one or more of these ponents in order to provide their functionality PlugIn: In puting, a plugin (or plugin) is a set of software ponents that adds specific abilities to a larger software application. If supported, plugins enable customizing the functionality of an application. For example, plugins are monly used in web browsers to play video, scan for viruses, and display new file types. Wellknown plugins examples include Adobe Flash Player 矢量结构模型 vector structure 1: Spaghetti model:Spaghetti data structure represents a planar configuration of points, arcs, and areas. Geometry is represented as a set of lists of straightline segments. 2: Network model 3: Topological model The functions of Information System: Acquisition 数据获取 Management 数据管理 Analysis数据分析 Representation 数据表现 空间信息的特性 中南大学杨俊山整理 The Speciality of Geographic Information 1: Spatial information 2: Multidimensional 3: Dynamic GIS 数据结构模型: Data structure of GIS VECTOR structure RASTER structure TIN structure Threedimensional model TGIS model 3D GIS model Others //数据获取方式 GIS data acquisition: Graphic digitizer\Scanner\GPS\Photogrammetry survey \Mouse\Field survey\RS GIS Data format 数据形式 ARC DXF DLG SPOT TIGER ASCII OTHERS The attributes of spatial entities(空间特性 ) Geometric attribute 几何 Thematic attribute 专题 Spatial relationship 空间 Time attribute 时间 空间实体的三张关系 1:Topological Relation 拓扑关系 2:Metric Relation 度量关系 3:Ordeer Relation 方向关系 Data models(数据模型) 1: Data model: refer to the mechanistic anization reflective of the logical 中南大学杨俊山整理 anization of data, an anization which has a semantic basis. 2: Dada modelling: is used for a prehensive set of conceptual tools for anizing data: 3: Data structure: is a more detailed practicaldescription of spatial phenomenon 空间数据库特点 The properties of spatial database 1: Voluminous nature 2: Include attribute data and spatial data 3: Wide application 空间数据模型 Data model of spatial database Level model Net。
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