modul1讲解内容摘要:
语法知识: 一、被动语态的基本用法 当谓语表示一个动作时,主语和它可以有两种不同关系:主动关系或被动关系。 在表示主 动关系时(即主语为动作的执行者时),谓语的形式称为主动语态( the Active Voice)。 在表示被动关系时(即主语为动作的承受者时),谓语要用另一种形式,称为被动语态( the Passive Voice)。 在被动结构的句子中,动作执行者可以由介词 by引起的短语表示。 被动语态的构成: 被动语态由助动词 be 加过去分词构成,时态通过 be 表现出来。 1)一般现在时 You39。 re wanted on the。 2)一般过去时 The book was finished last week. 这书是上周写完的。 二、 主谓一致 主谓一致是指: 1)语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2)意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3)就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语, 一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。 There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。 Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. ( 1)并列结构作主语时谓语用复数 Reading and writing are very important. 注意: 当主语由 and 连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数, and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案 B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。 这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除 A、 C。 本题易误选 D,因为 The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别, monitor 前没有 the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词,后面的职务用 and 相连。 这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选 B。 ( 2)主谓一致中的靠近原则 1)当 there be 句型的主语是一系 列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. There are twenty boystudents and twentythree girlstudents in the class. 2)当 either… or… 与 neither… nor ,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由 here, there 引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 Either you or she is to go. Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. ( 3)谓语动词与前面的主语一致 当主语后面跟有 with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. ( 4)谓语需用单数 1) 代词 each和由 every, some, no, any 等构成的复合代词作主语,或主语中含有 each, every, 谓语需用单数。 Each of us has a taperecorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。 The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。 3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。 (用复数也可,意思不变。 ) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough. ( 5)指代意义决定谓语的单复数 1) 在代词 what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词 的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。 All is right. (一切顺利。 ) All are present. (所有人都到齐了。 ) 2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。 如 family, audience, crew, crowd, class, pany, mittee 等词后用复数形式时,意为这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时表示该个集体。 His family isn39。 t very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。 His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。 集合名词 people, police, cattle, poultry 等在任何情况下都用复数形式。 Are there any police around? 3)有些名词,如 variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。 A number of +名词复数 +复数动词。 The number of +名词复数 +单数动词。 A number of books have lent out. The majority of the students like English. ( 6)与后接名词或代词保持一致 1)用 half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与 of 后面的名词,代词保持一致。 Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 2)在一些短 语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。 但由 more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。 Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。 More than 60 percent of the students are from the city. 百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。 【 模拟试题 】 一、 Turn the following words into English form 1. 穿过;横过 ______________ 2. 皮靴 ____________ 3. 大陆的;大洲的 ___________ 4. 面向;面对 ______ 5. 山脉 _________ 6. 美术馆 __________ 7. 海峡 __________ 8. 雅典 ____________ 9. 希腊 __________ 10. 葡萄牙 __________ 二、 Turn the following phrases into English form 1. 离海岸线不远 _____________ 2. 在„„的南部 __________ 3. 因而出名 ______________ 4. 作为而出名 _____________ 5. 看起来像 _______________ 6. 山脉 ________________ 7. 在沿海(海岸上) _________ 8. 沿着海岸 _____________ 三、 Fill in the blanks using the correct form 1. The yellow house f_________ to the road is my new home. 2. My friend Mark can speak English, French and S_________. 3. Italy looks like a b_____ from the map. 4. Mrs Andrews got _____ ______ the taxi and ran a_____ Oxford street. 5. G_______ is the country where the 28th Olympic Games. 6. As a mountain climber, he has been on the top of the world famous r_______. 四、 Choose the best answer 1. Rizhao lies _____the southeast of Shandong Province which lies ______the east of Shanxi Province that is______the west of Hebei Province. A. in, on, to B. in ,to, on C to ,in ,on D. to, in, on 2. Our school, which has 8,000 students, ______on the beach of the Yellow Sea. A. is situated B. situate C. situating D. situation 3. Liqun Department Store is ______right in the center of the city. A. located B.。modul1讲解
相关推荐
Lead them through a question and answer drill like This: T: What’s the weather like today? Ss: It’s sunny and hot. T: Yes, it’s sunny and hot. In summer it is always hot. Summer, summer. Follow me
been to the other countries? What do you know about Britain\American? (Ask students to speak out as many as they can) ’s the difference between the UK and the USA?(The teacher can show the Ss some
的全家,同时复习 who,为进一步教学作铺垫。 ) (2). Presentation a. T 拿下头饰 : Who plays Zoom? 让学生带头饰模仿介绍 Zoom 的全家。 ( 通过情境帮助学生理解 play 的含义。 ) b. Let’s play a game. Who plays father? Who plays mother / brother / sister? 边说边把
her后可直接接 or not,而 if 不可以。 例如: I want to know whether or not it39。 s good news. 我想知道是否是好消息。 (3) 在介词后,只能用 whether。 例如: His father is worried about whether he will lose his work. 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作。 (4)
__________________________________________ 2. Sally said, “You shouldn’t smoke in this room, Gee.” (forbid) → _______________________________________________________ 3. “It was me. I took the money,”