南方黑芝麻糊项目可研(编辑修改稿)

南方黑芝麻糊项目可研(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

ts twi ce as large as before. Dr Yuan i s quite satisfi ed wi th hi s l ife. However, he doesn39。 t care about bei ng fam ous. H e feel s i t gi ves him l ess freedom to do hi s research. H e woul d rather keep tim e for hi s hobbi es. H e enjoys li steni ng to vol i n musi c, pl ayi ng mahjong, swimm i ng and readi ng. Spendi ng m oney on hi m sel f or l eadi ng a fortabl e l i fe al so m eans very li ttl e to hi m. Indeed, he beli eves that a person wi th to m uch m oney has m ore rather than fewer troubl s. H e therefore gi ves m il li ons of Yuan to equi p others for thei r research i n agri culture. Just dreami ng for thi ngs, however, costs nothi ng. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream about ri ce pl ants as tal l as shum. Each ear of ri ce was as bi g as an ear of corn and each grai n of ri ce was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from hi s dream wi th the hope of produci ng a ki nd of ri ce that coul d feed m ore peopl e. Now, m any years l ater, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export hi s ri ce so that i t can be grown around the gl boe. O ne dream i s not al ways enough, especi al y for a person who l oves and cares for his peopl e. Chemi cal or ani c farmi ng? O ver the past hal f century, usi ng chemi cal fertil izers has ve e very m on i n farmi ng. Many farm ers wel ed them as great way to stop crop di sease and increase production. Recentl y, however, sci enti sts have been fi ndi ng that l ongterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people’s health. What are som e of the probl em s caused by chemi cal fertil izers? Fi rst, they dam age the l and by kil li ng the hel pful bacteri a and pests as wel l as the harm ful ones. Chem i cal s also stay i n the ground and underground water for a l onog tim e. Thi s affects crops and, therefore, ani m al s and humans, si nce chemi cal s get i nsi de the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemi cals i n the fod suply build up in people’s bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other ilnesses. In additi on, frui t, vegetabl es and other food grown wi th chem i cal fertil i zers usual l y grow too fast to be ful of m uch nutri ti on. They m ay l ok beauti ful, but i nsi de there i s usual l y more water than vi tami ns and mi neral s. Wi th these discoveri es, som e farm ers and many custom ers are begi nni ng to turn to ani c farmi ng. O rgani c farm i ng is sim pl y farmi ng wi thout usi ng any chemi cal s. They focus on keepi ng their soi l ri ch and free of di sease. A healthy soil reduces di sease and hel ps crops grow strong and heal thy. O rgani c farm ers, therefore, often prefer usi ng natural waste from ani m al s as ferti li zer. They feel that thi s m akes the soil i n their fi el ds ri cher in m i nerals and so more ferti l e. Thi s al so keeps the ai r, soi l, water and crops free from chemi cals. Organic farm ers al so use many other m ethods to kep the soi l fertil e. They often change the knd of crop i n each fi el d every few years, for exam pl e, growi ng corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put im portant mi neral s back i nto the soil, m aking i t ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need ri ch and ferti l e soi l. O rgani c farm ers al so pl ant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground’s surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Som e anic farm ers prefer pl anti ng grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carryi ng away the soil , and then leaving it in the ground to bee a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop. These many different anic farming m ethods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health. An earl y farm er pi oneer Som e peopl e thought Ji a Si xi e was a l ucky man. H e had worked for the em peror and when he got ol d, he was abl e to go hi s hom etown to rel ax. Ji a Si xie, however, had other pl ans. H e had al ways been i nterested i n agri culture and i ntended to do som ethi ng to m ake Chi nese farm i ng even better. Ji a Si xi e l ived i n the si x century AD. H e was born in Yi du i n Shandong provi nce and worked i n Gaoyang, whi ch i s al so i n Shangdong. As he rode through the countrysi de on hi s journeys for his work he l ooked out at the fi el ds. Som e of them were greener and had m ore crops than others. Some cows and sheep l oked heal thi er than others too. He was l ost i n though. What could a farm er do to get god crops from hi s fi el ds? Surely there m ust be rules that woul d hel p them. H e thought he coul d use his knowl edge to fi nd out the best ways for farm ers to grow crops and then write a book to hel p them. In doing so he col l ected i nform ati on from farm ers who di d wel l, studied i t and di d experim ents to fi nd the best way. For exam pl e, he studi ed ways of keepi ng seeds and advi sed farm ers to choose seedheads whi ch had the best col or. Then he tol d them to hang them to dry al l wi nter. The next spri ng the seeds shoul d be knocked out of thei r seedheads and pl anted. H e studi ed how to im prove the soil . H e advi sed farm ers to cl ear weeds from the ground before pl anti ng crops. They coul d ei ther l et the anim als eat the weeds or turn the soil over so that the weeds were covered and woul d rot. Then he gave advi ce on Turi ng over the soi l. The fi rst ti m e each year, farm ers shoul d di g deepl y, but the second tim e shoul d be l ess deep. Therefore the autum n pl oughi ng of the soil shoul d be deeper thant the spri ng pl oughi ng. H e suggested changi ng crops i n the fi el d every year: ri ve one year and wheat the next so that they woul d al ways get good harvests. They shoul d al so grow di fferent pl ants next to each other i n the fi eld. H e al so gave adi ve on how to fi sh, keep a garden an。