tpo23阅读文本

tpo23阅读文本内容摘要：

ns belonging to wealthy people. {13}█ {/13}This changed in the early part of the seventeenth century when horticulture became accepted as an agricultural sector. {13}█ {/13}Whole villages began to cultivate fruit and vegetables. {13}█ {/13}The produce was then transported by water to markets in the cities, where the [5]consumption[/5] of fruit and vegetables was no longer restricted to the wealthy. As the demand for agricultural produce from bath consumers and industry increased, agricultural land became more valuable and people tried to work the available land more intensively and to reclaim more land from wetlands and lakes. In order to increase production on existing land, the peasants made more use of crop rotation and, in particular, began to apply animal waste to the soil regularly, rather than leaping the fertilization process up to the grazing livestock. For the first time industrial waste, such as ash from the soapboilers, was collected in and the cities and sold in the country as artificial fertilizer. The increased yield and price of land justified reclaiming and draining even more land. The Dutch battle against the sea [10]legendary[/10] Nvorderkwaroer in Holland, with its numerous lakes and stretches of water, was particularly suitable for land reclamation and one of the biggest projects undertaken there was the draining of the Beemster lake which began in 1608. The richest merchants in Amsterdam contributed money to reclaim a good 7,100 hectares of land. Fortythree windmills powered the drainage pumps so that [8]they[/8] were able to lease the reclamation to farmers as early as 1612, with the investors receiving annual leasing payments at an interest rate of 17 percent. Land reclamation continued, and between 1590 and 1665 almost 100,000 hectares were reclaimed from the wetland areas of Holland, Zeeland, and Friesland. However, land reclamation decreased significantly after the middle of the seventeenth century because the price of agricultural products began to fall, making land reclamation far less profitable in the second part of the century. Dutch agriculture was, finally affected by the general agricultural crisis in Europe during the last two decades of the seventeenth century. However, what is [11]astonishing[/11] about this is not that Dutch agriculture was affected by critical phenomena such as a decrease in sales and production, but the fact that the crisis appeared only relatively late in Dutch agriculture. In Europe as a 满分网（ ） whale, the exceptional reduction in the population and the related fall in demand for grain since the beginning of the seventeenth century had caused the price of agricultural products to fall. Dutch peasants were able to remain unaffected by this crisis for a long time because they had specialized in dairy farming industrial crops, and horticulture. However, toward the end of the seventeenth century, they too were overtaken by the general agricultural crisis. Right Answer:3 1. By indicating that production was in line with market demands the author means that Dutch farmers were able to exceed other European countries in agricultural production produce crops mat were similar to those popular in other European countries supply sufficient quantities of the agricultural products that the Dutch population wanted to buy satisfy the demand for high quality agricultural products from the Baltic region Right Answer:2 2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. Buying imported grain led to the Dutch demanding that other foodstuffs and consumer goods be imported. Because the Dutch were able to import inexpensive grain, they had money available to create a demand for other food products and consumer goods. Keeping the price of grain low was a primary goal of the Dutch at a time when they could not produce enough grain to provide for all their needs The demand for other foodstuffs and consumer goods forced the Dutch to import grain and other products at a time when maintaining low prices was especially important Right Answer:1 3. The phrase Apart from in the passage is closest in meaning to Besides Despite As a result of Instead of 满分网（ ） Right Answer:4 4. According to paragraph 2, the increased demands on Dutch agriculture made by urban consumers had which of the following results? Seasonal shortages of the products consumers most wanted Increased production of highquality grain products Raised prices charged by peasants to urban consumers Different ways of caring for dairyproducing animals Right Answer:4 5. The word consumption in the passage is closest in meaning to sale Storage exportation utilization Right Answer:2 6. According to paragraph 3, the modernization of agriculture in the Netherlands was evident in all of the following ways EXCEPT: The production of fruits and vegetables became a mercial venture The wealthy stopped growing fruits and vegetables in their gardens and grew flowers instead Horticultural produce was transported to city markets by water Many mare people were able to afford to eat fresh fruits and vegetables 1,2,2,1,3 7. Select the TWO answer choices that, according to paragraph 4, indicate two methods people used to increase the productivity of their land. To receive credit you must select TWO answers They planted different crops in different sections of the farm each year. They used improved irrigation methods to increase the yield of crops. They increased the use of fertilizers to supply more nutrients to plants. They used new horticultural practices to produce different varieties of plants。